Heterogeneous Catalysis
Heterogeneous catalysis plays a part in the production of more than 80% of all chemical products. It is therefore essential that all chemists and chemical engineers have an understanding of the fundamental principles as well as the applications of heterogeneous catalysts. This book introduces the subject, starting at a basic level, and includes sections on adsorption and surface science, catalytic kinetics, experimental methods for preparing and studying heterogeneous catalysts, as well as some aspects of the design of industrial catalytic reactors. It ends with a chapter that covers a range of examples of important catalytic processes.
The book leads the student to carrying out a series of "tasks" based on searches of the internet and also on the use of web-based search tools such as Scopus or Web of Science. These tasks are generally based on the text; they can be used entirely for self-study but they can also be tailored to the requirements of a particular course by the instructor/lecturer giving the course.
The author has had over 40 years of experience in catalytic research as well as in lecturing on the principles of catalysis. He was for more than 20 years the Editor of Catalysis Today.
Key features
- Coverage of all aspects of catalysis in carefully organised text
- Inclusion of material on the historical development of the subject and the personalities involved
- All concepts illustrated by practical examples
- Inclusion of a wide range of problems and solutions, case studies, and supplementary web based material which will be regularly updated
- Author has over 40 years research experience of almost all covered subjects
- Provides companion materials webiste
Readership
Chemists, Physical Chemists, Chemical Engineers. Graduate and Post graduate students in Catalysis and Reaction Engineering
Table of contents
- Preface
- Chapter 1. Heterogeneous Catalysis – Chemistry in Two Dimensions
- 1.1. Introduction
- 1.2. Historical Background to Catalysis
- 2.1. Introduction
- 2.2. Clean Surfaces
- 2.3. Langmuir's Work on Adsorption
- 2.4. The Langmuir Isotherm
- 2.5. The Chemisorption of Hydrogen
- 2.6. The Chemisorption of More Complex Molecules
- 2.7. Non-homogeneous Surfaces
- 2.8. Non-equilibrium Adsorption
- 2.9. The Process of Adsorption
- 2.10. Some Generalizations on Chemisorption
- 2.11. Physical Adsorption
- 2.12. Behaviour of Physical Adsorption Isotherms at Values of P/Po ≥ 0.3
- 3.1. Introduction
- 3.2. The Catalytic Process
- 3.3. The Catalyst and the Catalytic Site
- 3.4. Catalysis by Metals
- 3.5. Oxides
- 3.6. Sulfides
- 3.7. Conclusions
- 4.1. Importance of Active Surface Area and of Catalyst Structure
- 4.2. Catalyst Preparation
- 4.3. Catalyst Supports
- 4.4. Supported Catalysts
- 4.5. Catalyst Characterization
- 5.1. Introduction
- 5.2. Static Reactors
- 5.3. Stirred and Recirculation Reactors
- 5.4. Flow Reactors
- 5.5. Fluidized Bed Reactors
- 5.6. Pulse Reactors
- 5.7. The TAP Reactor
- 5.8. SSITKA
- 5.9. “In Situ/Operando” Methods
- 5.10. Microreactor Methods
- 5.11. Conclusions
- 6.1. Introduction
- 6.2. Unimolecular Reaction of Reactant A to Give Products
- 6.3. Bimolecular Reactions – Langmuir–Hinshelwood Kinetics
- 6.4. Bimolecular Reactions – Eley–Rideal Kinetics
- 6.5. The Mars–Van Krevelen Mechanism
- 6.6. Practical Examples of Mechanistic Kinetic Expressions
- 7.1. Introduction
- 7.2. Catalyst Geometries
- 7.3. The Importance of Mass Transfer in Catalysis
- 7.4. Heat Transfer in Catalysis
- 8.1. Introduction
- 8.2. Catalysis in the Conversion of Natural Gas
- 8.3. Catalysis in the Conversion of Crude Oil
- 8.4. Petrochemicals and Industrial Organic Chemistry
- 8.5. Environmental Catalysis
- 8.6. Catalysis in Biomass Conversion
- 8.7. Conclusions